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2024 -

March 12, 2024

Bentley University
US drug approvals 2010-2019 align with US, but not global, burden of disease; expedited approval programs may make the gap worse

Expedited approval programs may disincentivize development of drugs for conditions associated with greatest burden of disease.

February 22, 2024

The Lever
Americans paid $11 Billion To Make Drugs You Can't Afford

"According to the new study out of the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University, which has not yet been published, the 10 selected prescription drugs received anywhere from $227 million to $6.5 billion in funding from the government’s National Institutes of Health (NIH) for crucial, foundational research. 

'When the average taxpayer is paying for the drug, it’s not just what’s being paid at the pharmacy,' said Fred Ledley, professor of natural and applied sciences at Bentley and senior author on the study."

January 30, 2024

Endpoints News
The academic-entrepreneur model built companies and minted millionaires. What happens when one of its earliest advocates quits?

"The analogy flounders with translation, however, because the research center notoriously failed to commercialize many of its most prescient ideas. 'What everyone remembers about Bell Labs is that they won Nobels and invented the transistor,' said Fred Ledley, who leads the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University. 'But they didn’t develop the stuff they invented. That’s the irony.'"

January 25, 2024

Rolling Stone
How Big Pharma Is Fueling a Radical MAGA Agenda

"Maybe the most galling part of the situation is that the U.S. government subsidizes research and development on virtually all new drugs that are approved for sale."

January 12, 2024

The New York Times
The Billionaires Spending a Fortune to Lure Scientists Away From Universities

"A sizeable percentage of drugs originate from government or university grants, or a mix of the two. From 2010 to 2016, each of the 210 new drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration was connected to research funded by the National Institutes of Health, according to the scientific journal PNAS."

2023 -

December 20, 2023

American Action Forum
March-In Rights: A Hostile Regulatory Environment

"...as almost all basic science is funded by the federal government, it is unlikely that a pharmaceutical company would create a second patent without any information learned from similar sources. In fact, a 2023 study found that the NIH funding contributed to 99.4 percent of drugs approved from 2010 to 2019."

December 14, 2023

Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE)
—Inflation Reduction Act Research Series— Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program: Understanding Development and Trends in Utilization and Spending for the Selected Drugs

Research Report from the ASPE Inflation Reduction Act Research Series references our work: "Federal investments provide critical foundation and support for drug development across the continuum, from knowledge generated through basic science to clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of a product in patients. While it has been well-established that nearly every medical product can be linked to basic research funded by the federal government, it can be challenging to connect federal support for R&D to specific drug products. Merely by way of example, published findings from basic biomedical research can also be used to support a variety of subsequent studies, including multiple drug development efforts, and both successes and failures. For example, one recent study found NIH funding contributed to publications associated with 99.4 percent (354 out of 356) of new drugs approved by the FDA from 2010-2019." (Galkina Cleary et al. 2023)

December 7, 2023

The White House
FACT SHEET: Biden-Harris Administration Announces New Actions to Lower Health Care and Prescription Drug Costs by Promoting Competition

"Promoting equitable access to lower-priced taxpayer-funded drugs. Taxpayers have spent hundreds of billions of dollars on research catalyzing the discovery and development of new prescription drugs. The Biden-Harris Administration believes taxpayer-funded drugs and other taxpayer-funded inventions should be available and affordable to the public. When an invention is made using taxpayer funds, under certain circumstances march-in authority under the Bayh-Dole Act enables the federal government to license the invention to another party. The prior Administration proposed a rule preventing the government from exercising this authority on the basis of high price alone. The Biden-Harris Administration decided not to finalize that proposal earlier this year, consistent with President Biden’s Executive Order on Promoting Competition in the American Economy. Today, the Department of Commerce (DOC) and HHS released a proposed framework for agencies on the exercise of march-in rights that specifies for the first time that price can be a factor in determining that a drug or other taxpayer-funded invention is not accessible to the public. DOC and HHS invite public input on how this framework can promote access to taxpayer-funded inventions, including treatments for patients, while promoting innovation."

November 15, 2023

Harvard Medical School
Annual Awards Propel Basic Discoveries Into Clinic

"However, with some notable exceptions, the process is fraught, protracted, and can lead to numerous - and often costly - dead ends. It could take several decades for a basic discovery to become a new medicine."

Fall 2023

Issues in Science and Technology
Fairer Returns on Public Investments

"To what extent would ARPA-H have to expand its current funding—$1.5 billion in 2023 and $2.5 billion requested for 2024, in contrast to $187 billion spent by the NIH to enable new drug approvals between 2010 and 2019—to make a substantial impact on the development of new, high-value pharmaceuticals? What degree of price and profit restriction would companies be willing to accept? Could the benefit of higher prices to taxpayers as shareholders be used to justify the excessive prices that benefit company executives and other shareholders even more? Should not the burden on those who pay for the pharmaceuticals by financing public and private insurances be taken into account? Finally, would politicians be willing, in the face of fierce lobbying by pharma, to provide ARPA-H with the required funds and authority?"

September 29, 2023

Congressional Research Service
The Cancer Moonshot: Overview and Issues

"A time lag often exists between initial investments in research and new medical innovations for patients. As an example, major investments in cancer research followed the National Cancer Act of 1971 (P.L. 92-216). One analysis links the early 1970s funding to new drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration decades later after the science became established." This comment is based, in part, on our analysis of the 1970s "War on Cancer", which showed that products emerged only when the basic science stimulated by the National Cancer Act was sufficiently established to support successful drug development.

September 18, 2023

Financial Times
The Biden administration takes on the US drugs industry

"Given the partisan nature of US politics, and the power of the pharmaceutical lobby, it is a moment some thought would never come. 'These historic reforms follow a public debate that persisted for half a century in the US,' says Fred Ledley, director of the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University. 'There has been a growing political consensus that something had to be done about drug prices, particularly given the huge profits generated by pharmaceutical companies,' he adds. 'But it has been a polarising debate, given the potential impact of reforms on R&D budgets and what that means for global innovation.'"

September 11, 2023

Research Professional
Counting the cost of drug price negotiations

"Fred Ledley, professor of natural and applied sciences at Bentley University, thinks pharma companies will probably cut R&D spending in future as a result of the price negotiations. 'It’s normal for companies to prioritise profits,' he says. 'It’s all about the shareholders.' But 'negotiating prices is also normal', he adds. 'We think these companies are really overreacting when they think negotiating a price is unfair to them.' He points out that big pharma companies only do about 35 per cent of the clinical trials that discover the drugs. 'Most of the clinical trials are being done by smaller companies,' he says. The drugs may then be bought by the bigger companies, which do 'some of the finishing work to get them over the line'. Ledley also highlights that those working in the pharmaceutical industry tend to be 'impressive business leaders'. 'They are not going to lose business; they are going to find ways to get the job done. That’s the essence of capitalism. You find a way.'"

September 6, 2023

The New York Times
The 4 Arguments You Will Hear Against Drug Price Negotiation

"It’s also important to remember that scientific breakthroughs resulting in new drugs are not only the result of private industry research and development. Basic science funded by the National Institutes of Health using taxpayer dollars plays a significant role in drug development and will continue to irrespective of curbs on prices."

August 8, 2023

Times Higher Education
US universities ‘short-changed’ by industry on research

"Companies consistently don’t pay full value for medical discoveries in what Bentley study calls a ‘systematic problem’"

July 26, 2023

Bentley University
NIH spent $950M for basic or applied research leading to patents providing market exclusivity for drugs approved 2010-19

This represents <1% of all NIH-funded research related to these products that are subject to public interest protections of Bayh-Dole Act.

July 14, 2023

Fierce Biotech
Industry, not NIH, fronts most of the cash for clinical trials: report

"In a study published July 14 in JAMA Health Forum, researchers from Bentley University’s Center for Integration of Science and Industry calculated that the NIH spent $8.1 billion on phased clinical trials of drugs approved between 2010 and 2019—about 10% of what the pharma and biotech industry committed over roughly the same period."

July 14, 2023

JAMA Health Forum
Drug Development—Social and Private Returns

JAMA Health Forum published an Invited Commentary regarding our recent publications, Cleary et al. and Zhou et al. "Two articles published in JAMA Health Forum bring some new data and analysis to a debate about the apportionment of credit for new prescription drugs that has been raging since the 1950s."

July 14, 2023

Bentley University
NIH spent $8.1B for phased clinical trials of drugs approved 2010-19, ~10% of reported industry spending

Bentley University study further describes public and private sector investments in pharmaceutical innovation.

May 2, 2023

Boston Business Journal
NIH investment as effective as private sector for biopharma innovation, Bentley report shows

"NIH funding played a role in all but two drugs approved over the course of a decade, with an average of $1.4 billion spent on each drug. The public funding yielded savings of $2.9 billion per drug, compared with $1.5 billion in private-industry investment on each new drug and savings of $2.8 billion, the research showed."

April 28, 2023

Bentley Newsroom
New study shows NIH investment in new drug approvals is comparable to investment by pharmaceutical industry

"The National Institutes of Health (NIH) spent $187 billion for basic or applied research related to 354 of the 356 drugs approved by the FDA from 2010-2019, according to a new study from Bentley's Center for Integration of Science and Industry. The study, published in JAMA Health Forum, shows that the amount invested per approved drug by the NIH is comparable to that of reported investment by the biopharmaceutical industry. It's the first study to compare the total value of NIH and industry investments taking into account actual spending on research related to approved products and failed product candidates as well as the time-value of these investments."

April 28, 2023

Bentley University
Bentley University study shows NIH investment in new drug approvals is comparable to investment by pharmaceutical industry

Government provides early investment in pharmaceutical innovation.

April 19, 2023

House Appropriations Committee
Dr. Lawrence A. Tabak references our work in his testimony during the Budget & Oversight Hearing for Fiscal Year 24

Dr. Lawrence Tabak, Director of the National Institutes of Health states, "An independent analysis by researchers at Bentley University found that NIH funding contributed to development of every new drug, all 356, approved by the FDA from 2010-2019." (43:46)

March 31, 2023

Bentley University
Academic institutions receive lower financial returns from biotechnology licenses than commercial firms

Bentley University study shows disparity between returns from public and private sector investment in biomedical science.

February 9, 2023

Jacobin
The Biden Administration Is Letting Big Pharma Profiteer Off a Cancer Drug

"Studies have shown that most, if not all, major new drugs are originally developed with funding from the US government."

February 9, 2023

The Wall Street Journal
Pfizer, Novartis, Merck Executives Say They Are Hunting for Deals Again

An article in the Wall Street Journal confirms the predictions made in our Center's white paper "Will Reducing Drug Prices Slow Innovation?" that the Inflation Reduction Act could increase large pharmaceutical companies' dependence on acquisition or licensing of clinical-stage product candidates from smaller biopharmaceutical companies. Our model of pharmaceutical innovation suggests that, while large companies are likely to reduce R&D in response to any decrease in revenues, R&D and investment in small companies that do the majority of clinical trials is unlikely to be affected and there will continue to be a robust flow of products in the innovation pipeline.

January 20, 2023

Fierce Pharma
'The Top Line': Panelists at Fierce's JPM Week event talk drug pricing policy, and Bayer's oncology head discusses cancer strategy

Sarah Edmond (19:33) comments on "what 2023 is going to look like from a drug pricing perspective," stating that she sees "an opportunity to be adaptable" while referencing Dr. Fred Ledley and our Center's work.

January 10, 2023

Medical Xpress
How the pharmaceutical industry uses disinformation to undermine drug price reform

“Drug companies make threats to maintain their ability to make extraordinarily high profits. The rest of us need to stand up for the right of patients to get drugs at affordable prices.”

August 19, 2022

Health
How the Inflation Reduction Act Will Affect Healthcare Costs - Especially for Medicare Beneficiaries 

“The legislation has faced fierce opposition from pharmaceutical companies, which have historically been much more profitable than other large public companies.”

July 21, 2022

Common Dreams
Pharma Mobilizes Army of Lobbyists to Tank Democrats' Medicare Drug Pricing Plan

“To patient advocates, the industry's alarmist protests against Democrats' compromise proposal are nothing more than a desperate attempt to preserve its outsized profit margins at the expense of people's health.”

June 6, 2022

Bentley Magazine
Solving Society's Ills

“'Our research shows that the biopharma industry can successfully deliver new drugs to the market while ensuring that essential medicines are affordable for all Americans.' - Dr. Fred Ledley...Ledley and Vaughan’s findings corroborate earlier research that shows how pharma companies have stacked the deck against us, so policymakers can avoid what he calls the “false choice” of affordability or innovation. At Bentley, their work joins that of colleagues like Danielle Blanch Hartigan, who are similarly determined to improve the state of American health care — and prepare students to do the same.”

January 24, 2022

ProQuest
Bentley Researchers Say Govt. Price Controls Wouldn't Hurt Innovation

“Contrary to Congressional Budget Office projections, Bentley University researchers say government drug price controls would not hurt innovation. Fred Ledley, the director of the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University, said there is no evidence that prices are related to research and development spending. Companies can either increase revenue by raising prices or by introducing new products, so when prices are constrained, it pressures companies to spend more on developing new products.” Learn more here.

October 7, 2021

The Wall Street Journal - A Custom Event
Technology Innovation, Misinformation and Public Health

Science, technology and innovation have a long history of reducing risks and improving public health outcomes. And yet, the road from health innovation with proven, evidence-based benefits, to adoption is not always straightforward. Dr. Fred Ledley was joined by Ramin Beheshti (The News Movement), Dr. Moira Gilchrist (Philip Morris International), Elizabeth Marsh (Florida International University), and host Phillipa Leighton-Jones to discuss how health innovation can rise above the cacophony of misinformation in today’s digital age. A recording of this Philip Morris International sponsored Wall Street Journal event can be viewed here.

August 12, 2021

PR Newswire
Can Big Pharma Afford to Reduce Drug Prices?

For years, biopharmaceutical companies have justified the hefty price tags for new medications by arguing that reducing consumer costs would compromise their ability to discover and develop additional products. During a recent Congressional briefing on drug pricing, however, Fred Ledley, MD, dispelled this “innovation myth,” citing the Center's latest research that the industry is “sufficiently robust to accommodate a decrease in drug prices without decreasing the number of new drugs coming to market.” This research was led by Assistant Professor of Mathematical Science, Gregory Vaughan, PhD, and was funded by West Health Policy Center.

August 12, 2021

Bentley Newsroom
Can Big Pharma Afford to Reduce Drug Prices?

In Congressional briefing, professor shares new research indicating consumer affordability isn’t a barrier to innovation.

July 28, 2021

NCHC & West Health Hill Briefing
Drug Pricing Reform: The Costs of Inaction

The West Health Policy Center and the National Coalition on Health Care hosted a second Congressional briefing on the need for drug pricing reform where Fred Ledley addressed the false choice between affordability and innovation. Fred was also joined by Congressman Peter Welch (D-VT), Sean Gremminger, Director of Health Policy at the Purchaser Business Group on Health (PBGH), and Amy Herr, Director of Health Policy at West Health Policy Center. A recording of the event can be viewed here.

July 13, 2021

The Senate Judiciary Subcommittee
Prescription Drug Prices and Anticompetitive Practices

Research from the Center for Integration of Science and Industry was referenced by Senator Richard Durbin at a meeting of the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Competition Policy, Antitrust, and Consumer Rights focused on Prescription Drug Prices and Anticompetitive Practices. His comments refer to research supported by the Institute for New Economic Thinking, which examined NIH funding for basic and applied research associated with drugs approved 2010-2019. This is one of a series of studies on the public sector contribution to new drug discovery and development.

June 2, 2021

MassBioEd
Life Sciences Workforce Conference

Research from the Center for Integration of Science and Industry was featured in the keynote presentation of the 2021 MassBioEd Life Sciences Workforce Conference and a workshop titled “Inspiring college students to pursue STEM careers” co-led by Dr. Fred Ledley. The featured research results addressed the importance of integrating business with science education to engage students in preparation of careers in the life science industry and was a collaboration with Dr. Naomi Wernick, University of Massachusetts, Lowell. The workshop was co-led with Dr. Liz Nulnick, Northeastern University.

May 28, 2021

Bentley Newsroom
Rewarding Research; Annual awards honor faculty's academic contributions

Gregory Vaughan, PhD, assistant professor of Mathematical Science, has collaborated with our Center on various projects since 2018. As a result of his co-author contributions for the published work titled “Profitability of Large Pharmaceutical Companies Compared with Other Large Public Companies,” he has been honored with an Outstanding Scholarly Contribution Award for the year of 2020.

May 27, 2021

Common Dreams
It's Time to Break Big Pharma's Grip on Healthcare and Empower Medicare to Negotiate Cheaper Drug Prices

“It’s an industry intent on protecting the status quo that has made pharmaceuticals the most profitable industry in the U.S., even as a growing number of Americans struggle to afford the medications they need.”

April 23, 2021

The Chronicle of Higher Education
A Tipping Point? Dozens of Public Colleges Announce Covid-19 Vaccine Mandates

The majority of colleges to require students or employees to be vaccinated for the fall have been private institutions, and public schools are beginning to follow suit. Hesitancy remains until the vaccine receives formal FDA approval, which Fred Ledley believes is "very likely" to occur by midsummer.

April 22, 2021

Tradeoffs
Preventing HIV Just Got A Lot Cheaper. What Took So Long?

After nearly a decade of sky-high prices, new generics have sent the price of the HIV prevention drug PrEP plummeting. What kept it so expensive for so long, and will the price drop help us finally eradicate HIV? Fred Ledley receives thanks for his contributions to this episode.

April 22, 2021

Bentley University
COVID-19 vaccine development built on >$17 billion in NIH funding for vaccine technologies

Broad foundation of NIH-funded research for enabling technologies prior to pandemic provided a tool kit for rapid development of COVID vaccines.

April 5, 2021

Scholars @ Bentley
Response to proposed rulemaking on Bayh Dole

Fred Ledley comments on the "Rights to Federally Funded Inventions and Licensing of Government Owned Inventions," National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States Department of Commerce. The comment made Knowledge Ecology International's (KEI) list of notable comments filed.

March 19, 2021

Bentley University
Pricing Healthcare Innovation in the US

Fred Ledley receives a shoutout and contributes to a conversation on price strategy.

February 24, 2021

Bentley University
Economics and Politics of COVID-19 Vaccine Financing. Fireside Chat with Hannah Kuchler, Financial Times

Center for Integration of Science and Industry co-sponsors event. Fred Ledley joins Hannah Kuchler for a discussion.

January 12, 2021

Academic Minute
Fred Ledley, Bentley University – Pharmaceutical Companies Profitability

On Bentley University Week: Drug companies seem to be making a lot of profit, but are they? Fred Ledley, professor of natural and applied sciences, finds out.

January 6, 2021

Bentley University
Investment risk & return from emerging public biotech companies comparable to non-biotech

Biotech companies with Initial Public Offerings between 1997-2016 generated more than $100 billion in shareholder value despite high failure rate.

January 6, 2021

Bentley University
Majority of biotech companies completing an IPO from 1997-2016 achieved product approvals

Biotech companies completing IPOs continue to initiate new product development, but 78% were conventional small molecule drugs, not biologicals.

January 4, 2021

LA Times
Pfizer, Moderna expect billions in profits from COVID vaccine. That's a scandal

“…federally funded basic and applied research at the National Institutes of Health, the Defense Department and academic labs created the foundation for the mRNA technology. In fact, almost no drugs reach market in the U.S. without such funding.”

November 16, 2020

LA Times
Private firms keep stranglehold on COVID vaccines, though you paid for the research

The biotech company Moderna injected a new dose of optimism into the fight against COVID-19 on Monday by announcing that its vaccine candidate had shown a success rate of 94.5% in clinical trials. The announcement, however, raises new questions about how a successful vaccine will be distributed to the public — how fast, how broadly and at what price? That’s especially relevant for the Moderna vaccine because federal funding of the company’s effort approaches $1 billion, and because the government owns at least one patent crucial for the product’s manufacture.

October 22, 2020

STAT
Remdesivir’s hefty price tag ignores NIH investment in its creation October 2020

Prior to 2020, the National Institutes of Health invested $6.5 billion to research enabling Emergency Use Authorization of remdesivir, yet the cost of new drugs does not reflect the life-saving role of governmental agencies. Once a Covid-19 vaccine and more treatments emerge, the government must be able to shield its citizens from being priced out of access.

September 2020

Institute for New Economic Thinking
Economics & BEYOND with Rob Johnson. How US Taxpayers Subsidize Pharma Research and Companies Reap the Profits

Fred Ledley, professor at Bentley University spoke with Rob Johnson, President, Institute for New Economic Thinking. Dr. Ledley, co-author of an INET-funded research paper on pharma research funding, discusses the research and how US taxpayers might get more social benefit out of the initial investment they put into all new pharmaceuticals released over the past decade.

July 2020

The New Republic
How to Break a Big Pharma Monopoly on a COVID-19 Vaccine | Opinion 

"It is a fundamental flaw in our system that the critical role played by government funding in establishing the scientific and technological foundation for the products developed by industry goes ignored." Fred Ledley

May 2020

Newsweek
Yes, the Government Can Control the Cost of a Coronavirus Vaccine | Opinion 

The claim that the U.S. government has no control over drug prices is, simply put, a lie. But it isn't a new lie. It's one that millions of Americans have already been living with for decades.

March 4, 2020

Newsweek
Big Pharma Companies Earn More Profits than Most Other Industries, Study Suggests

Big pharmaceutical companies appear to be more profitable than large companies in most other industries, according to a new study. Researchers writing in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) investigated the financial balances of pharma companies dealing in the business of developing, manufacturing, marketing and selling drugs.

March 3, 2020

Bentley University
New Research Finds Pharma Companies More Profitable than Most S&P 500 Companies

Big pharmaceutical companies appear to be more profitable than large companies in most other industries, according to a new study. Researchers writing in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) investigated the financial balances of pharma companies dealing in the business of developing, manufacturing, marketing and selling drugs.

March 3, 2020

BioPharma Dive
High prices fuel pharma profits. New research provides more context

Merck & Co., long a standard bearer for the U.S. pharmaceutical industry, earned $10 billion in profits last year. Pfizer, its larger peer, booked even more: $16 billion. Across the top ranks of drugmakers, profits regularly add up to billions of dollars, if not tens of billions, making the sector one of the most lucrative in business.

February 7, 2020

BioSpace
Life Sciences Will Continue to Boom in Massachusetts - Will the Workforce Needs Be Met?

"In an opinion piece published in the Boston Business Journal, Fred Ledley, the director of the Center for Integration of Science and Industry and a member of MassBioEd’s Academic Advisory Group, noted that STEM students are often provided with a negative view of working in the industry as some instructors emphasize corporate practices that “compromise human health or the environment.” This practice, Ledley said, ignores the “role business plays in translating scientific discoveries into products that benefit public life.” He said STEM educators need to emphasize the cross-over appeal of business and science and reveal the countless career opportunities out there."

December 19, 2019

Bentley University
Center’s Lead Data Analyst Dr. Ekaterina Cleary digs into library data

Dr. Ekaterina Cleary, lead data analyst at the Center for Integration of Science and Industry and an adjunct professor in Mathematical Science, worked with graduate students in her Data Visualization course to team up with library staff to analyze the library's data and provide recommendations on specific areas of operation.

December 17, 2019

Bentley University
Professor Fred Ledley Awarded the 2019 Mee Family Prize

As director and founder of the Center for Integration of Science and Industry, Fred Ledley’s mission is to build a bridge between the worlds of science and business, accelerating scientific discoveries for the public’s benefit. … In recognition of his efforts, he recently received the Mee Family Prize.

October 22, 2019

Bentley University
Response to OSTP Request for Information on the Bioeconomy

In September 2019, the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) issued a Request for Information (Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP). ACTION: Notice of request for information (RFI) for Bioeconomy Federal Register /Vol. 84, No. 175 /Tuesday, September 10, 2019).  The question posed was: "What specific actions could the U.S. Government take to reinforce a values-based ecosystem that will guide the transformation and expansion of the U.S. Bioeconomy, in both the short and long-term?" The Center for Integration of Science and Industry submitted a response addressing the importance of sustained funding for the basic science that provides the essential foundation for biomedical innovation and the bioeconomy. The response proposes four actions to ensure sustained funding from both the public and private sectors."

October 2019

Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University
Accelerating the Translation of Scientific Discoveries for Public Value

Dr. Fred Ledley spoke at the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine and the Protein Data Bank at Rutgers University on "Accelerating the Translation of Scientific Discoveries for Public Value." The talk described the critical role of a mature body of foundational science, including data on protein structures and function, on the success of biopharmaceutical development.

September 2019

House Appropriations Subcommittee
Testimony of Dr. Francis Collins to House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related Agencies

Congressman Mark Pocan requests update of study from Center for Integration of Science and Industry demonstrating the foundational role of NIH funding in pharmaceutical innovation.

July 31, 2019

U.S. Senator Chris Van Hollen
We Paid Act

"Research from the Center for Integration of Science and Industry has figured prominently in two pieces of legislation aimed at controlling drug prices. The "We PAID Act," introduced by Senators Chris Van Hollen (D-MD) and Rick Scott (R-FL), calls for the government to have authority to regulate prices based on the level of NIH support for the underlying science. A similar bill was introduced in the House by Representative by Congressman Peter DeFazio (D-OR)."

May 28, 2019

Science
Where Drugs Come From: A Comprehensive Look

"Here's another such study that appeared last year from a group at the Center for the Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University, which found (from one direction) that NIH-funded basic research contributed in some way to every single one of the 210 FDA-approved drugs from 2010-2016, but (from the other direction) that ">90% of this funding represents basic research related to the biological targets for drug action rather than the drugs themselves". Both of those conclusions sound correct from my experience as well. The basic research funded by the NIH and others is absolutely crucial to finding drugs. But the applied research in industry is absolutely crucial, too. Both of these things can be true at the same time, and both of them are."

April 2, 2019

House Committee on Appropriations
Chairwoman DeLauro Statement at Hearing on FY 2020 NIH Budget Request

"Congresswoman Rosa DeLauro (D-CT), Chair of the Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Subcommittee, delivered the following remarks at the Subcommittee's hearing on the National Institutes of Health's fiscal year 2020 budget request." Congresswoman DeLauro's remarks include reference to Dr. Ekaterina Cleary's research publication, "Contribution of NIH funding to new drug approvals 2010–2016."

April 2019

Graduate Institute of Geneva
Webinar: Public Funding of Drug Development

Dr. Ekaterina Cleary presented a webinar at the Graduate Institute of Geneva's webinar series describing the contributions of the US National Institutes of Health to drug development. This presentation was based on the March 2018 "Contribution of NIH funding to new drug approvals 2010--2016, which demonstrated that every one of the 210 drugs approved in this time period traces its origin back to basic research supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

February 4, 2019

NowThis News
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Stands Up to Big Pharma

Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez uses information from the Center for Integration of Science and Industry's PNAS paper to build a case around "...your tax dollars are helping big pharmaceutical companies get rich..."

November 29, 2018

Bentley University
New Study: U.S. Biology Textbooks Present Business in a Negative Light

Biology textbooks used in introductory college courses across the country present an overwhelmingly negative picture of businesses, according to a new study from Bentley University’s Center for Integration of Science and Industry. This may alienate students pursuing business careers from fully engaging in science education at a time when scientific literacy is increasingly important for U.S. businesses to compete in the technology-driven global economy. [...]

November 28, 2018

STAT
Science takes a dim view of business — perhaps to the disadvantage of science

Some academics recently chewed through the text of 29 undergraduate biology books and came up with a curious conclusion: Science takes a dim view of business. The analysis, from the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University, found that references to the business world were significantly more likely to be negative than positive, including anecdotes about dangerous drugs, unethical executives, and environmental degradation. [...]

October 9, 2018

Common Dreams
A Nobel Prize-Winning Cancer Therapy Will Be Unaffordable for Most Americans. Public Pharmaceuticals Can Help Change That.

Last week, researchers James Allison and Tasuku Honjo were awarded this year's Nobel Prize in medicine for their work on cancer immunotherapies, heralded by the Nobel committee as "seminal discoveries" that "constitute a landmark in our fight against cancer." Immunotherapies like those developed on the basis of Allison and Honjo's work are indeed an important step towards a whole new way to treat cancer, as well as a host of other chronic diseases. [...]

October 2, 2018

Vox
The Nobel Prize is a reminder of the outrageous cost of curing cancer

For the first time ever, we’re living in a moment when many of our most promising medical advances are far out of reach for the vast majority of people who could benefit from them. And nowhere is that truer than for cancer immunotherapy, the fast-moving field of cancer treatment research that was honored on Monday with the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. [...]

August 24, 2018

Bentley University
New Findings on Breakthrough Science

How many new medicines rely on government funding? The short answer: all of them. Research on the topic at Bentley, by the Center for Integration of Science and Industry, brought government and biotechnology industry leaders to campus in April. Participants such as U.S. Rep. Katherine Clark (pictured above) explored the essential role of public funding for basic biomedical science and how the science helps create medicines, jobs and successful companies. The Bentley center’s study shows that, in the past decade, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) invested more than $100 billion in research that led to new medicines. NIH support contributed to the basic science underlying every one of the 210 new drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between 2010 and 2016. [...]

May 28, 2018

The New York Times
‘Paying Twice’: A Push for Affordable Prices for Taxpayer-Funded Drugs

On Aug. 30, the Food and Drug Administration approved a radical new cancer treatment that harnesses a patient’s immune system to attack tumor cells. The drug, known as Kymriah, grew out of research conducted and supported by the National Institutes of Health. Seven weeks later the F.D.A. approved a second cancer therapy that uses similar technology. This treatment, Yescarta, “got its start right here at N.I.H.,” said Dr. Francis S. Collins, the director of the health institutes. It was developed by Kite Pharma using technology licensed from the N.I.H. Kymriah costs $475,000 for a one-time treatment, and Yescarta goes for $373,000. As President Trump vows to lower prescription drug prices, consumer advocates and health policy experts are increasingly saying that the government should insist on reasonable prices for drugs developed with taxpayer funds. [...]

May 7, 2018

STAT
The Miracle of Medicines

We don’t know what induced an ancestral human in pain to eat the seed head of the opium poppy. We do know, from the Ebers papyrus, that by 1500 B.C. the Egyptians were using complex mixtures of plants as medicine, and that they realized there was a fine line between doses that improved health and doses that caused toxicity. Opium might bring relief from pain, but it also caused sleepiness, addiction, and even death. Until relatively recently, all drug discovery began with folklore and folk medicine, like the elderly woman in the 1770s telling William Withering that her recipe for dropsy (heart failure) included the purple foxglove plant, which contained digitalis. [...]

February 27, 2018

NIH Director's Blog
Basic Research: Building a Firm Foundation for Biomedicine

A major part of NIH’s mission is to support basic research that generates fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems. Such knowledge serves as the foundation for the biomedical advances needed to protect and improve our health—and the health of generations to come. Of course, it’s often hard to predict how this kind of basic research might benefit human populations, and the lag time between discovery and medical application (if that happens at all) can be quite long. Some might argue, therefore, that basic research is not a good use of funds, and all of NIH’s support should go to specific disease targets. [...]

February 23, 2018

CBC News
How many new drugs rely on government-funded science? All of them

There's public science in every single new drug. That was the surprising answer to a U.S. senator's question about how government-funded research is benefitting citizens. But it took a year to come up with the numbers. It all started last June when Bentley University professor Fred Ledley and his colleagues in Massachusetts were watching a senate budget hearing that was considering cutting the budget of the National Institutes of Health, the major medical science funding agency in the U.S. [...]

February 13, 2018

The Center for Biosimilars
Is the White House Budget at Odds With NIH's Contributions to New Drugs?

Yesterday, President Trump released his budget proposal for the 2019 fiscal year. Under the proposed plan, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) budget for 2019 would remain about equal to its 2017 budget: $34.8 billion. However, this figure would be roughly $2 billion less than the 2018 budget that was just approved by Congress on February 8.... On the same day that Trump put forward his budget proposal, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) released a paper summarizing the NIH’s contribution of funding to new drugs approved from 2010 to 2016. [...]

February 13, 2018

Endpoints News
$100B in NIH-funded research played an important role in all 210 new drugs approved over 7 years — study

The next time someone challenges the importance of NIH-funded research in drug development, you might want to point them to a new study that highlights the foundational role the Institutes plays in biopharma research.[...]

February 12, 2018

STAT
NIH funding contributed to 210 approved drugs in recent years, study says

A new study makes a strong case for the importance of government support for basic research: Federally funded studies contributed to the science that underlies every one of the 210 new drugs approved between 2010 and 2016. Researchers at Bentley University scoured millions of research papers for mentions of those 210 new molecular entities, or NMEs, as well as studies on their molecular targets. Then, they looked to see which of those studies had received any funding from the National Institutes of Health. [...]

February 2018

PNAS
Contribution of NIH funding to new drug approvals 2010–2016

View a continuously updated news feed of Contribution of NIH funding to new drug approvals 2010–2016

PNAS

 

Overview of attention for article published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

February 12, 2018

Bentley University: PreparedU
Bentley University Study Shows NIH Spent More Than $100 Billion on Basic Science for New Medicines

Federally funded research contributed to the science underlying all new medicines approved by the FDA over the past six years, according to a new study by Bentley University. The new report from the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, shows that the United States government invested more than $100 billion in the basic research that led to new medicines approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between 2010 and 2016. [...]

Additional coverage on Medical Xpress

January 25, 2018

Bentley University: PreparedU
Thirty Years of Innovation Pays Off as Gene-based Drugs Come to Market

The recent approval of SpinrazaTM (nusinersen), jointly developed by Ionis Pharmaceuticals and Biogen, marks the arrival of a new class of biological products - oligonucleotide therapeutics, or gene-based drugs. A recently published study from Bentley's Center for Integration of Science and Industry shows that the thirty year path from the initiation of research on oligonucleotides as therapeutics to the emergence of effective products followed predictable patterns of innovation, in which novel products are successfully developed only after the underlying basic research reaches a requisite level of maturity. [...]

July 12, 2017

Waltham Public Library
Frankenfood or Promethean Promise? Science and Food Production

The foods we eat, whether “organic, “natural, or “locally sourced,” are no longer of nature. The strains of vegetables that we grow and subspecies of animals we use for milk and meat would be unrecognizable to our ancestors and unsuccessful in the wild. Even before the modern era of molecular genetic engineering, all of our foods have been subject to millennia of cross breeding and human selection. Have we created Frankenfoods, or a Promethean promise of sustainable future? Bentley University Professor Fred D. Ledley talks genetically modified foods at the Waltham Public Library. [...]

May 8, 2017

Bentley University: PreparedU
21st Century Cures Emerge As 20th Century Science Matures

Most of the new drugs approved by the FDA since 2010 arose from basic scientific research that was initiated in the 1970s or 1980s, a new study from Bentley University has found. The analysis shows that development of new targeted and biological therapeutics rest on the maturation of basic science over decades. The research, published today in the journal PLOS ONE, appears as scientists are increasingly concerned about federal support for basic biomedical research.  [...]

March 28, 2017

BioWorld
Translation takes time: Study shows how to measure it properly

The lag between the initiation of new research and the approval of targeted or biologic drugs for treating cancer can exceed 40 years, according to a newly published analysis that examines the relationship between the maturation of technologies and their potential to generate successful products. To casualties of the early era of antibody development, the conclusion might appear obvious. [...]

March 27, 2017

Boston Business Journal
NIH cuts might cause 40 years of pain, Bentley study says

Massachusetts researchers say the effects of slashing funding for the National Institutes of Health could have negative impacts on scientific discovery for decades. Researchers at Bentley University reported in a study published this week in the science journal PLOS One that it takes over a decade and upward of 40 years for the discoveries coming from basic research to fuel commercial drugs and technologies. [...]

March 27, 2017

Bentley University: PreparedU
New Study Demonstrates the Importance of Long-Term Funding for Cancer Research

New drugs to treat cancer that are now emerging are the end products of research begun in the 1970s and ‘80s, a new study by Bentley University has found, demonstrating the importance of long-term research in bringing new therapies to market. The research, published today in the journal PLOS One, appears as Congress considers deep cuts to the National Institutes of Health, whose budget funds research into cancer and other diseases. [...]

December 19, 2016

Bentley University: PreparedU
Center for Integration of Science and Industry Expands Data Analytics Capabilities with New Appointments

Expanding its capabilities in the application of machine learning, big data and analytics to accelerate the translation of scientific discoveries into new medicines and treatments for diseases, the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University has appointed Ekaterina Galkina Cleary, PhD, as a postdoctoral fellow and R. Mark Adams, PhD, as a visiting faculty in the Department of Natural and Applied Sciences. [...]

December 8, 2016

Bentley University: PreparedU
Could Edible Algae Hold the Key to Slowing Climate Change? Bentley Fellow Forecasts Yes.

Scientists affiliated with the Marine Algal Industrialization Consortium have published a research article demonstrating the potential of using microalgae (algae) to significantly mitigate greenhouse gas emissions if used as a source of food. Leading the study was Michael J. Walsh, a research fellow in Bentley University’s Center for Integration of Science and Industry [...]

November 29, 2016

Bloomberg L.P.
Fred Ledley on Bloomberg Radio: Finding the Proper Dose of Skills for Success in the Health Care Industry

Listen in as Dr. Fred Ledley, director of Bentley University's Center for Integration of Science and Industry (CISI), joins Bentley President Gloria Larson and Bloomberg Radio's Carol Massar and Cory Johnson to discuss the similar frameworks of business and healthcare.

October 18, 2016

Bentley University: PreparedU
Why Business Students Should Care About the Story of the Drug Humira

Developing new medicines is a hard business. While we live in an era of amazing discoveries in biomedical science, information technology, and medicine, there have not been comparable advances in the development of new drugs or the outcomes of major diseases. Why? Research at Bentley University suggests that it is often because innovative technologies are not in sync with business strategies and public policy. [...]

July 19, 2016

Bentley University: PreparedU
At the Forefront of Sustainable Food, Bentley Research Fellow Brings Algae to the Table

Think the bright green substance that might be overtaking your neglected fish tank is useless? Think again. Though it would be too difficult to harness the power of that naturally occurring fish tank algae, a Bentley scientist is working to create economic value from algae that can be intentionally and sustainably produced in mass quantities. [...]

March 1, 2016

Macquarie University 
Vice-Chancellor welcomes Professor Ledley to campus

The Vice-Chancellor welcomed Professor Fred Ledley to campus last week, and provided an introduction to a guest lecture given to the University. Professor Ledley is the Director of the Centre for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University, and an expert in the commercialization of medical technology and developments. [...]

February 19, 2016

Bentley University: PreparedU 
Center for Integration of Science and Industry Receives $2.3M in Funding

Bentley’s Center for Integration of Science and Industry, founded in 2013 with a $1.3M grant from the National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), was awarded renewed funding from the NBRF: $2.3M over the next five years [...]

November 23, 2015

Wyatt Investment Research
Are Self-Driving Cars Headed For Your Portfolio?

Fred Ledley commented on the future of self-driving cars, emphasizing that “Experience teaches that computers are actually better at decision-making capability than humans. Humans tend to overestimate the value of 'experience' and 'feel,' and rarely compete successfully against computers and algorithms dedicated to particular purposes.”

November 20, 2015

The Boston Globe
FDA Approves Genetically Modified Salmon

The genetically engineered fish, named the AquAdvantage salmon, is produced by AquaBounty, a Maynard biotechnology company based in Massachusetts. With the FDA's OK, AquaBounty can now offer its modified salmon to American consumers.

October 27, 2015

Bentley University: PreparedU
Why a Business University and Its Students Should Be Invested in Healthcare Reform

The challenges facing our national healthcare system are undoubtedly among the most pressing concerns of our nation. With an aging population, healthcare costs escalating, and patient need increasing, we must look more than ever to innovative solutions. So what can a university do to prepare tomorrow’s future business leaders to help reform the healthcare system? [...]

October 9, 2015

Boston Business Journal
ViewPoint: Drug pricing is about worth, not the cost

High drug prices are a target for politicians. In Massachusetts, proposed legislation would limit drug prices and require drug companies to divulge research, marketing and production costs [...]

August 18, 2015

Bentley University: PreparedU
Bentley University Study Suggests Alzheimer’s Research is Ready to Provide Cures

It has been more than a decade since a new drug was approved for the nearly 5 million Americans suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. Research from the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University offers a hopeful view of the prospects for new Alzheimer’s drugs [...]

July 1, 2015

Bloomberg L.P.
Fred Ledley on Bloomberg Radio: Do stock buybacks compete with corporate R&D? (Audio)

Listen in on Dr. Fred Ledley, director of Bentley University's Center for Integration of Science and Industry (CISI), offer insight on how biotechnology companies are increasingly at odds with activist investors.

July 1, 2015

Science Direct
Algal Biofuel Production for Fuel and Feed in a 100-ha Facility

A comprehensive techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment based on actual production by the Cornell Marine Algal Biofuels Consortium with biomass productivity > 23 g/m2-day.

February 16, 2015

American Association for the Advancement of Science
AAAS 2015 Annual Meeting Session - The Business of Innovation: Great Science Is Only the First Step

Fred Ledley discusses the business of innovation with Karen Bernstein, Co-Founder and Chairman of BioCentury, and Gail Naughton, CEO and Chairman of the Board of Histogen Inc.

February 11, 2015

Bentley University: PreparedU
Post-Doctoral Fellow Appointed to Research Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Expanding its research on how to accelerate the translation of scientific discoveries into new medicines, the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University has appointed Jennifer Beierlein as a post-doctoral fellow.  Beierlein will focus on strategies and policies that may lead to new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s, Dementia and Parkinson’s disease [...]

June 11, 2014

Bentley University
Fred Ledley: Testifies to Congressional Committee on Energy and Commerce

Dr. Fred Ledley's testimony focuses on business incentives that encourage the development of the highly innovative medicines that are being enabled by the rapid advance of science, including some of the work being done at the Center for Integration of Science and Industry at Bentley University.

June 11, 2014

Bloomberg L.P.
Fred Ledley on Bloomberg's Taking Stock Radio Program: Comments on 21st Century Cures Act (Audio)

Listen in on Fred Ledley, director of Bentley University's Center for Integration of Science and Industry (CISI), and Sam Fazeli, director of research and senior pharmaceutical analyst for Bloomberg Industries, discuss advances in the health care industry geared towards getting drugs to patients more quickly.

June 11, 2014

Bentley University: PreparedU
Bentley Professor Advocates Incentives to Leverage 21st-Century Science for Innovative Medical Cures

As the U.S. Congress embarks on a first-of-its-kind initiative to help accelerate the pace of medical cures in America, Bentley professor Fred Ledley joined a panel of experts who testified at a congressional hearing in Washington, DC, on incentives for pharmaceutical and device development [...]

December 3, 2013

Bentley University: PreparedU
Fred D. Ledley Named Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science

Fred D. Ledley, Professor of Natural & Applied Sciences and Management, and Director of the Center for Integration of Science and Industry, was named a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). He will be recognized at the AAAS Annual Meeting in Chicago in February 2014 [...]

March 5, 2013

Boston Business Journal
Researching Biotech Business Models

Bentley University is the recipient of a $1.3 million grant from the Boston-based National Biomedial Research Foundation, which is to be allocated to the newly created Center for Integration of Science and Industry (CISI) to fund research on biotech business models.

February 19, 2013

Bentley University: PreparedU
Bentley Receives $1.3M to Advance the Integration of Science and Business

The National Biomedical Research Foundation has awarded a $1.3M grant to Bentley University to establish a Center for Integration of Science and Industry, under the direction of Dr. Fred Ledley, Professor of Natural & Applied Sciences and Management [...]

November 30, 2012

Management INK
Taking Business Education Into the Future

Professor Fred Ledley of Bentley University talks with editor Jane Schmidt-Wilk about his paper, co-authored by Stephen Holt of Olin College, which argues that business programs should require science courses designed expressly to meet the needs of business students.

October 10, 2012

Nature
Patterns of technological innovation in biotech

Theories of innovation posit that effective product development and value creation require business models and strategies matched to the stage of technology evolution. Such theories are predicated on patterns of technology evolution observed in other fields, where periods of exponential advancement are followed by limits and obsolescence as new technologies emerge [...]